2024年3月28日发(作者：)

世界上的14个生态村

武夷山美国华盛顿大学政治学和环境学教授Karen Litfin女士2013年底在美国Polity

出版社出了一本书，题为Ecovillages：Lessons For Sustainable Community（生态村：

可持续发展社区的经验教训）。作者采访了世界各国的14个生态村，写成此书。我发现，

这些生态村的规模总起来说都很小，故对于人口密集的中国没有直接借鉴价值，但这样的

探索极其可贵，因为人类的未来也许就系于这样的探索。

下面，我将各生态村介绍中的人口数（或相关事实）择译出来，可见其规模较小。1. 印

度的Auroville。这里居住着来自43个国家的2000多人。

Auroville is first and foremost an international township with a spiritual

objective—to embody the ideal of human unity—and its ecological work comes as

a consequence. Auroville’s overarching vision is grounded in the Integral Yoga of

Sri Aurobindo, which understands biophysical reality as an evolutionary

unfoldment of Spirit.

Founded in 1968 upon a severely eroded plateau in south India, the first order

of business for the pioneers was to revitalize the land. Three million trees later,

Auroville is home to over 2,000 people from 43 different countries and is one of

the few places on Earth where biodiversity is actually increasing.2. 西非的Colufifa。

Colufifa是法文“消灭饥饿委员会”的缩写。Colufifa并不是一个生态村，而是350个西

非村庄构成的网络，以塞内加尔为中心。这些村庄都从事有机农业。

Colufifa, a French acronym for the Committee to End Hunger (Comité de lutte

pour la Fin de la Faim), is not really an ecovillage. Rather, it is a Senegal-based

network of 350 West African villages seeking to become self-sufficient through the

following efforts:

· organic farming

· microfinance

· adult literacy

· malaria prevention

Colufifa’s work, as in much of the developing world, is not to build new

villages but to make the existing ones sustainable.

3. 澳大利亚的Crystal Waters永续耕作（有人译为“朴门农艺”）村。居民约200人。

In 1984, when Crystal Waters Permaculture Village was founded in

northeastern Australia, it was the world’s first permaculture village. Some 200

residents now live on 85 private one-acre lots, with another 500-some acres held in

common as a wildlife sanctuary. As a consequence, kangaroos and wallabies are a

common sight along the road.

In a region plagued by extreme drought, Crystal Waters stands out as a

sparkling oasis whose intricate network of dams channels rainwater into thriving

streams and lakes.