2024年6月1日发(作者：)

2016北京卷英语D篇答案解析

D

Why College Is Not Home

The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in

autonomy（自主性） and the development of adult identity. However, now they are

becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s

students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.

For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control;

guidance and support needed help from people of the same age and from within.

In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on

family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly.

Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea

of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult

responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the

same environment as that of the home.

To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a

time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on” new

ways of thinking about oneself bothe intellectually（在思维方面） and personally.

While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe

to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and

flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.

Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college

community（群体） differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a

sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social

behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an

identity within a larger and complex community.

Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student

behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to

being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly

defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that

administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.

It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when

there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at

times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between

adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world.

Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not

places to experience intellectual growth.

Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior

should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy

and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.

67. What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to

college students?

A. Sympathetic B. Disapproving

C. Supportive D. Neutral

68. The underlined word “passage” in Paragraph 2 means .

A. change B. choice C. text D. extension

69. According to the author, what role should college play?

A. To develop a shared identity among students.

B. To define and regulate students’ social behavior.

C. To provide a safe world without tension for students.

D. To foster students’ intellectual and personal development.

70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

D

Why College Is Not Home

为什么大学不是家

The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in

autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are

becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s

students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.

大学时光应该是培养自主性和长大成人的重要时光。然而，现在的大学时光正在成为

青少年的拓展期，如今许多大学生并不能承担成人的责任。

For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control;

guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from

within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and

dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have

increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead

of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to

autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they

should provide the same environment as that of the home.

对以前的大学生而言，大学是脱离父母控制的关键时期； 指导和支持需要来自大学同

龄人。然而，因为手机，电子邮件、社交媒体的原因，过去二十年大学生与家里的联系和

对家里的依赖有大幅提高。一些家长甚至过份到帮助完成课程作业。相较于推广大学作为

过渡阶段的概念，即由家里的避风港过渡到自主性和成年责任，大学已经放弃这个想法，

认为他们应该提供和家里一样的环境。

To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a

time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on ” new

ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally.

While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe

to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and

flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.

为了提高自主性和责任，大学时光需要成为一个拓展和实验的时光。这个过程涉及到

“尝试”从思维和个人反思自己的新方法。当我们在大学里提供安全港湾时，我们也必须

为表达观点和质疑主流观点提供安全港湾。智力增长和韧性就是在怀疑和质问中培训的。

Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college

community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a

sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social

behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an

identity within a larger and complex community.

学习如何应对社会也同样重要。因为大学群体和家不一样，许多学生将努力寻找归属

感。如果学生依赖管理员来规范他们的社会行为和思维方式，那么他们将无法在一个更大

且复杂的社群里面对寻到认可的挑战。

Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student

behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to

being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly

defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that

administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.

此外，大学监视和塑造学生行为的趋势碰上了年青成年人另一个特性：被年纪比他们

控制时做出的反应。如果可接受的社会行为是过于严格的规定和控制，那么管理员努力弱

化的麻木不仁或反应过激可能事实上会被鼓励。

It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when

there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at

times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between

adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world.

Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not

places to experience intellectual growth.

年青人容易爆发一点也不让人惊讶，特别是当他们有理由这样做的时候。在国家处于

危难之际，我们这一代人曾经团结一致并且立场坚定。今天缺失的是年青人对自主性的渴

望和他们对危险世界理解两者之间的冲突。因而，他们渴望大学寝室成为家里替代品，而

不是经历智力增长的地方。

Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior

should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy

and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.

每次关于社区价值、社会环境和社会行为的大学讨论应该包括学生自主性和自我约束

发展重要性的认知，还应该包括自我发现和安全性必要紧张性的认知。

’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to

college students?

作者对父母对大学生持续关照的态度是？

hetic 同情

roving 不认可

tive 支持

l中立

underlined word “passage” in Paragraph 2 means .

第二段下滑线“passage”的意思是

转变

选择

主题

ion 延展

ing to the author, what role should college play?

根据作者的观点，大学应该发挥什么样的作用？

develop a shared identity among students 培养学生之中的认同身份

define and regulate students’ social behavior 规定和规范学生的社会行为

provide a safe world without tension for students 向学生提供远离紧张的安

全港湾

foster students’ intellectual and personal development 培养学生的智力

发展和个性发展

of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

下面哪个显示了文章中心思想的发展脉络？

A. B.

C. D.

【分析】本文讲述了当下的大学教育现状﹣﹣大学原本是培养学生独立性和成年特征

的场所,是学生从“家”到“社会”的过渡,然而现在的大学教育却成了青年的“安居”场

所,青年人越来越不能承担起作为成年人的责任.作者分析了形成这种现象的原因并且提出

了相关的改进建议.

【解答】BADC

67.B 猜测作者情感态度.第二段记叙了这种现象﹣﹣上一代人里,大学生是从同龄人中

获得帮助和指引；而这二十年里,大学生从父母处获得帮助.第三段里作者表明了自己的态度

——To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility,college needs to be a

time of exploration and experimentation.以及While we should provide“safe

spaces”within colleges,we must also make it safe to express opinions and

challenge majority views.以及综合全文的中心思想（可在第一段和最后一段找到）,作者

并不赞同“continued parental guidance to college students”（大学生继续父母的指

导）.故答案为B disapproving.

68.A 词义理解题.可在第二段找到原句“Instead of promoting the idea of college

as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult

responsibility,universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the

same environment as that of the home.”结合句意可知,接受家的庇护到大学生的独立

性和承担成人的责任是一个“过渡”,是一种变化过程,因此答案为A,change.

69.D 中心思想归纳题.由全文大意以及最后一段总结段的作者的意见Every college

discussion about community values,social climate and behavior should include

recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self﹣

regulation,of the necessary tension between safety and self﹣discovery.以及第三段

的关键句Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.

可知第三段关键句的同义句是D选项,作者主张加强大学生的独立性以及个性发展.故答案

为D.

70.C 写作结构分析题.全文第一段作者提出了全文的中心思想,最后一段再次呼吁.第

二和三段是现象和建议的关系（第二段陈述的是一种现象“在孩子上大学时,家长仍继续指

引；学校也提倡给大学生提供跟家一样舒适的环境.”,第三段提出针对这一现象的建议）,

第四五段是对第三段的建议进行分述,第六段是进一步说明第五段的内容﹣﹣如果不这样

做的话产生的结果.因此答案为C.

【点评】做本题时,首先需要通读全文,把握文章的主旨大意；其次,快速浏览后面的题

目,并结合问题到文中相应的段落去寻找答案；另外,本文问题的设置旨在考查对全文或段落

的主旨大意的概括上,因此在平时的阅读训练中,要学会找文章的中心段,或段落的中心句,并

加以概括,从而提炼出文章或段落的主旨大意.