2024年6月10日发(作者：)

1988

年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

SectionIStructureandVocabulary

Ineachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethe

rchoicesintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

EXAMPLE:

Iwascaught________therainyesterday.

[A]in

[B]by

[C]with

[D]at

ANSWER:[A]

’tbuytheapples;shegavethemtome________nothing.

[A]with

[B]as

[C]for

[D]by

’s________mypowertomakefinaldecisiononthematter.

[A]off

[B]outside

[C]above

[D]beyond

dsayHenryisnot________muchawriterasareporter.

[A]that

[B]so

[C]this

[D]as

’tpay20forthecoat;it’snotworth________.

[A]allthatmuch

[B]thatmuchall

[C]thatallmuch

[D]muchallthat

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’tgointodetailonthesubject;hespoke________.

[A]incommon

[B]ingeneral

[C]inparticular

[D]inshort

’’ttakethenewone,

________,becausewedon’tfeelassafeonit.

[A]somehow

[B]though

[C]therefore

[D]otherwise

uareaboutthroughthestory________,trytomakeaguesshowtheplotwill

develop.

[A]half

[B]midway

[C]halfway

[D]one-half

alreadyateenager,Peterstillfindsithardto________hisfavoritetoys.

[A]partoff

[B]partwith

[C]partaway

[D]partfrom

ouseffortshavebeenmadeto________governmentexpensestoadesirablelevel.

[A]cutdown

[B]cutshort

[C]cutout

[D]cutoff

aparty,besurenotto________fromthepersonwhotriestoengageyouin

conversation.

[A]turndown

[B]turnaway

[C]turnoff

[D]turnback

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vival________ofsomewildanimalsisnotveryhighastheyareruthlesslyhunted

fortheirskins.

[A]rate

[B]degree

[C]ratio

[D]scale

________admittancetothetheatrefornotbeingproperlydressed.

[A]denied

[B]rejected

[C]repelled

[D]deprived

skyouaquestion,Iexpecta________answer.

[A]punctual

[B]fast

[C]rapid

[D]prompt

islegallyseparatedfromhiswife,ishestill________forherdebts?

[A]answerable

[B]chargeable

[C]recoverable

[D]payable

eeting,Rolandargued________infavoroftheproposal.

[A]severely

[B]heavily

[C]forcefully

[D]warmly

SectionIIReadingComprehension

hquestiontherearefour

yourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(20points)

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Text1

Itdoesn’tcomeasasurprisetoyoutorealizethatitmakesnodifferencewhatyoureador

studyifyoucan’ouhavealready

discoveredsomecleverwaystokeepyourselffromforgetting.

Onedependableaidthatdoeshelpyourememberwhatyoustudyistohaveaspecific

emberbetterwhatyoureadwhenyouknowwhyyou’re

reading.

Whydoesaclerkinastoregoawayandleaveyouwhenyourreplytoheroffertohelpis,

“No,thankyou.I’mjustlooking”?Bothyouandsheknowthatifyouaren’tsurewhatyouwant,

poseyousayinstead,“Yes,pairofsun

glasses.”Shesays,“Rightthisway,please.”Andyouandsheareoff--botheagertolookfor

exactlywhatyouwant.

It’hoseabookatrandom,“justlooking”for

nothinginparticular,oudoknowwhatyouwant,

andifyouhavetherightbook,asonswillvary;theywill

includereadingorstudying“tofindoutmoreabout”,“tounderstandthereasonsfor”,“tofind

outhow”.Agoodstudenthasaclearpurposeorreasonforwhatheisdoing.

youstarttostudy,yousaytoyourselfsomethinglikethis,

“IwanttoknowwhyStephenVincentBenethappenedtowriteaboutAmerica.I’mreadingthis

articletofindout.”Or,“I’mgoingtoskimthisstorytoseewhatlifewaslikeinmedieval

England.”Becauseyouknowwhyyouarereadingorstudying,yourelatetheinformationto

yourpurposeandrememberitbetter.

ttwoimportantprocessesgoonatthesametime.

Asyouread,hesametimeyouexpressyourown

eakindofmentalconversationwiththe

xpressedyourideasorally,theymightsoundlikethis:“Yes,’smy

opiniontoo.”or“Ummmm,Ithoughtthatrecordwasbrokenmuchearlier.I’dbettercheckthose

dates,”or“Buttherearesomeotherfactstobeconsidered!”Youdon’tjustsittheretakingin

ideas--youdosomethingelse,andthatsomethingelseisveryimportant.

Thisadditionalprocessofthinkingaboutwhatyoureadincludesevaluatingit,relatingitto

whatyoualreadyknow,rwords,agoodreaderisa

tofcriticalreading,asyouhavediscovered,isdistinguishingbetween

nsareone’sownpersonal

reactions.

notherpartisdrawingaccurate

inferences.

annotrememberwhatyoureadorstudy,________.

[A]itisnosurprise

[B]itmeansyouhavenotreallylearnedanything

[C]itmeansyouhavenotchosentherightbook

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[D]yourealizeitisofnoimportance

youstartreading,itisimportant________.

[A]tomakesurewhyyouarereading

[B]torelatetheinformationtoyourpurpose

[C]torememberwhatyouread

[D]tochooseaninterestingbook

gactivityinvolves________.

[A]onlytwosimultaneousprocesses

[B]primarilylearningaboutideasandevaluatingthemcritically

[C]merelydistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions

[D]mainlydrawingaccurateinferences

eaderisonewho________.

[A]relateswhathereadstohisownknowledgeaboutthesubjectmatter

[B]doeslotsofthinkinginhisreading

[C]takesacriticalattitudeinhisreading

[D]isabletocheckthefactspresentedagainstwhathehasalreadyknown

Text2

Ifyouliveinalargecity,youarequitefamiliarwithsomeoftheproblemsofnoise,but

becauseofsomeofitsharmfuleffects,youmaynotbeawareoftheextentofitsinfluenceon

,itissoundsthatone

wouldrathernothear,

simulithatat

onetimemightbeconsideredrelevantwillatanothertimebeconsiderednoise,dependingon

ntyearstherehasbeenagreatdealofinterestinthe

effectsofnoiseonhumanbehavior,andconceptssuchas“noisepollution”havearisen,together

withmovementstoreducenoise.

Exposuretoloudnoisescandefinitelyproduceapartialorcompletelossofhearing,

dependingontheintensity,duration,bspresent

noisehazards,suchasworkinginfactoriesandaroundjetaircraft,drivingfarmtractors,and

working(orsitting)ral,continuousexposure

tosoundsofover80decibels(ameasureoftheloudnessofsound)canbeconsidereddangerous.

aboveabout85decibelsmay,ifexposureis

forasufficientperiodoftime,losswilldependuponthe

particularfrequenciestowhichoneisexposed,andwhetherthesoundiscontinuousor

intermittent.

Noisecanhaveunexpectedharmfuleffectsonperformanceofcertainkindsoftasks,for

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instance,ifoneisperformingawatchkeepingtaskthatrequiresvigilance,inwhichheis

,watchingaradarscreenforthe

appearanceofaircraft).

averiddenin

therearofajettransport,youmayhavenoticedthatitwasdifficulttocarryonaconversationat

first,andthat,eventually,youadjustedtheloudnessofyourspeechtocompensatefortheeffect.

Theproblemisnoise.

iffersfromsoundinthat________.

[A]itissoundsthatinterferewiththetaskbeingdone

[B]itisaspecialtypeofloudsound

[C]itisusuallyunavoidableinbigcities

[D]itcanbedefinedmorepreciselythanthelatter

heharmfuleffectsofnoiseonhumanperformanceisthat________.

[A]itreducesone’ssensitivity

[B]itrendersthevictimhelpless

[C]itdeprivesoneoftheenjoymentofmusic

[D]itdrownsoutconversationsatworksites

poseofthispassageis________.

[A]todefinetheeffectsofnoiseonhumanbehavior

[B]towarnpeopleofthedangerofnoisepollution

[C]togiveadviceastohowtopreventhearingloss

[D]totellthedifferencebetweennoiseandsound

Text3

Thetraditionalbeliefthatawoman’splaceisinthehomeandthatawomanoughtnottogo

idthatitisa

woman’stasktocareforthechildren,butfamiliestodaytendtobesmallandwithayearortwo

oman’swholeperiodofchildbearingmayoccurwithinfiveyears.

Furthermore,withcompulsoryeducationfromtheageoffiveorsixherroleaschiefeducatorof

,evenifweagreethatawomanshouldstayathometolookafter

herchildrenbeforetheyareofschoolage,formanywomen,thisperiodwouldextendonlyfor

abouttenyears.

Itmightbearguedthatthehouse-proudwomanwouldstillfindplentytodoaboutthehome.

Thatmaybeso,butitiscertainlynolongernecessaryforawomantospendherwholelife

cooking,cleaning,gmachinestakethedrudgeryoutoflaundry,the

latestmodelsbeingentirelyautomaticandabletowashanddryalargequantityofclothesina

eratorshavemadeitpossibletostorefoodforlongperiodsandmany

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ng,insteadofbeingadailytask,canbe

man-madefibersaremorehardwiringthannaturalfibers

andgreatlyreducemending,whilegoodready-madeclothesarecheapandplentiful.

Apartfromwomen’sownhappiness,theneedsofthecommunitymustbeconsidered.

Modernsocietycannotdowellwithoutthecontributionthatwomencanmakeinprofessionsand

saseriousshortageofnursesandteachers,tomentiononlytwoof

tremelywastefultogiveyearsoftrainingatpublic

expenseonlytohavethequalifiedteacherornursemarryafterayearortwoandbelostforever

ining,itistrue,willhelpherindutiesasamother,butifshecontinued

towork,ctoriesandshops,too,arelargely

staffedbywomen,erethequestionoftrainingisnotsoimportant,

industryandtradewouldbeseriouslyshortofstaffifmarriedwomendidnotwork.

horholdsthat________.

[A]therightplaceforallwomen,marriedorotherwise,isthehome,notelsewhere

[B]allmarriedwomenshouldhavesomeoccupationoutsidethehome

[C]amarriedwomanshouldgivefirstprioritytoherdutiesasamother

[D]itisdesirableforuneducatedmarriedwomentostayathomeandtakecareofthe

family

-proudwoman________.

[A]woulddevoteherwholelifetoherfamily

[B]wouldtakeherownhappinessandthatofherfamilyasherchiefconcern

[C]wouldstillneedsomespecialtrainingatpublicexpensetohelpherinherdutiesasa

housewife

[D]wouldtakefulladvantageofmodernhouseholdappliances

ingtotheauthor,modernsociety________.

[A]canoperatejustaswellevenwithoutwomenparticipation

[B]hasbeengreatlyhamperedinitsdevelopmentbytheshortageofwomennursesand

womenteachers

[C]cannotoperateproperlywithoutthecontributionofwomen

[D]willbeseriouslyaffectedbythecontinuingshortageofworkingwomeninheavy

industriesandinternationaltrade

SectionIIIClozeTest

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourchoiceslabeled[A],[B],[C],

and[D].ewhole

passagebeforemakingyourchoice.(10points)

In1620,

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hundred

relookingforaplacewheretheycouldworshipGod

大26家

.Becauseofstrongwindsandseverestorms,theMayflowerlostits

大27家

.The

bravegroupofcolonistsfinallyhadtolandatPlymouthontherockycoastofMassachusettsin

hemiddleofthesternnorthernwinter.

大28家

monthsofstarvation,

disease,estrongestofthepilgrims

大29家

thatwinter.

Manywomengavetheirownpitifulrationstotheirchildrenanddiedforlackoffoodfor

大30家

erewild

ore,theywereable

togetenough

colonists’health

大31家

withthewarmweatherandtheirbetterdiet.

Inthefall,theylookback

大32家

rebothregretfulandthankful.

ceinhumanlifeandtragedy

therhand,didharvestwas

大33家

delevencrude

ereforfamilies,andfourwerefor

communaluse.

大34家

,theyhadestablishedatreatyoffriendshipwiththeirIndianneighbors

underChiefMassasoitinthesummer.

eMayflowerreturnedtoEnglandthatsummer,

therewerenocolonists

大35家

.Attheendoftheirfirstyearintheirnewhome,thePilgrims

heirfirstThanksgivingDay.

26.[A]intheirownstyle

[B]intheirownway

[C]ontheirown

[D]oftheirown

27.[A]course

[B]route

[C]passage

[D]channel

28.[A]Uncomfortable

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