2024年6月11日发(作者：)
英语非谓语动词用法详解
一、单项选择非谓语动词
1
．
What will you do if the people ______ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech?
A
．
sitting B
．
sit
C
．
sat D
．
to sit
【答案】
A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果坐在大厅后排的人们听不清演讲你该怎么办？根据
题干中谓语动词
have trouble doing
判断出前面填非谓语结构，
“
人们
”
和
“
坐
”
是主动关系，
故选
A
。
2
．
________on this report
，
the English government decided to ask Captain James Cook to go
and look for this continent.
A
．
Having based
C
．
Based
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。
be based on
以
……
为基础。在句中作状语，故用其
based
。选
C
。
B
．
Basing
D
．
To be based
3
．
Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a
new look.
A
．
reducing
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动名词的被动语态。句意：就在遭遇一场大地震被夷为平地之后不久，这个城市呈现
了新的面貌。此句中的
“after”
是介词，后面需要动名词，而且城市是被夷为平地，所以用
动名词的被动语态。故选
C
项。
B
．
reduced C
．
being reduced D
．
having reduced
4
．
Young people may risk deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
A
．
to go
C
．
going
【答案】
C
【解析】
risk
意为冒
……
的危险，用法为
risk doing something
，冒险干某事，因此排除
AB, D
项中额
having done
意为已经干了某事，与此处句意不符，因此选择
C
项，句意为，如果年轻人每
天都暴露在非常吵闹的音乐声中，他们可能有耳朵失聪的危险。
【考点定位】考察动词用法。
B
．
to have gone
D
．
having gone
5
．
Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _____the ceremony of the 50th
Anniversary this morning are our alumni
（校友）
from home and abroad.
A
．
Attend
【答案】
C
【解析】
主句
.Distinguished guests and friends are our alumni
（校友）
from home and abroad.
Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning
非谓语动词作伴随状语。
B
．
To attend C
．
Attending D
．
Having attended
6
．
The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.
A
．
to be heard
C
．
hearing
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
考查不定式的被动语态形式。句意：孩子们在饭桌旁如此大声地说话，以致于我不得不努
力使得自己被听到。
“struggle to do sth”
意思是努力做某事；
“hear”
和其逻辑主语
“I”
之间是
被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式。故选
A
。
B
．
to have heard
D
．
being heard
7
．
I remembered _____ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A
．
locking
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。
ACD
三个选项都表示动作已经完成。只有
B
选项表示尚未做。句意：我
记得离开办公室前要锁门的，但是却忘记了要关灯。
remember doing="remember" having
dong="remember" to have done.
B
．
to lock C
．
having locked D
．
to have locked
8
．
________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A
．
Working out
C
．
To work out
【答案】
C
【解析】
试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向
Russell
教授
咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选
C
。
【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语？
1
）目的状语。
To… only to (
仅仅为了
), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (
如此
……
以便
……)
如：
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.
他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
I come here only to
say good-bye to you.
我来仅仅是向你告别。
2
）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。如：
What have I said to make you
angry
？我说什么让您生气了？
He searched the room only to find nothing.
他搜查了房间什么
B
．
Worked out
D
．
Work out
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