2024年2月9日发(作者：)
2020高考英语外刊时文人与自然海平面上升危及更多城市精选精读
文章导读：
人类活动导致全球气候变暖，两极冰川融化，海平面上升已是不争的事实。然而最新研究发现，此前的数据大幅低估了这一变化带来的影响。在新模型预测下，到2050年，胡志明市、曼谷和孟买等许多沿海城市或将不复存在，数亿人口将被迫迁徙，由此引发的危机甚至可能让冲突频发的伊拉克地区更加动荡。海平面上升还可能带来哪些隐患？这项最新研究在技术上有何突破？一起来学习今天的文章。
Rising Seas Will Erase More Cities by 2050, New Research Shows
Rising seas could affect three times more people by 2050 than previously thought,
according to new research, threatening to all but erase some of the world’s great
coastal cities.
The authors of a paper published Tuesday developed a more accurate way of
calculating land elevation based on satellite readings, and found that the previous
numbers were far too optimistic. The new research shows that some 150 million
people are now living on land that will be below the high-tide line by midcentury.
In Thailand, more than 10 percent of citizens now live on land that is likely to be
inundated by 2050, compared with just 1 percent according to the earlier technique.
The political and commercial capital, Bangkok, is particularly imperiled.
In other places, the migration caused by rising seas could trigger or exacerbate
regional conflicts.
Basra, the second-largest city in Iraq, could be mostly underwater by 2050. If that
happens, the effects could be felt well beyond Iraq’s borders, according to John
Castellaw, a retired Marine Corps lieutenant general.
Further loss of land to rising waters there “threatens to drive further social and
political instability in the region, which could reignite armed conflict and increase the
likelihood of terrorism,” said General Castellaw, who is now on the advisory board of
the Center for Climate and Security, a research and advocacy group in Washington.
“So this is far more than an environmental problem,” he said. “It’s a humanitarian,
security and possibly military problem too.”
生词好句：
/ɪˈreɪs/ vt. 抹掉，彻底删除；擦掉（to remove writing from paper; to remove
information from a computer memory or recorded sounds from a tape）
The computer crashed, and all our records were erased.
电脑崩了，所有的记录都没了。
erase poverty 消除贫困
/əˈfekt/ vt. 影响 effect n. 影响，效应
times more 三倍多 three times 三倍
sth. is three times bigger than sth. ……是……的三倍
en to do sth. 威胁做…… threaten vt. 威胁，恐吓，扬言要 （to say that
you will cause someone harm or trouble if they do not do what you want; to be likely
to harm or destroy something）
The incident threatens to ruin his chances in the election.
这次事件可能会毁掉他这次竞选的机会。
but 几乎；差不多 （almost/nearly)
l /ˈkoʊstəl/ adj. 沿海的 coast n. 海岸（the area where the land meets the
sea）
p /dɪˈveləp/ vt. 开发，研发（to design or make a new idea, product, system
etc. over a period of time） develop new drugs 研发新药
te /ˈækjərət/ adj. 正确无误的，精确的 （correct and true in every detail）
accurate information 准确无误的信息
an accurate description 准确的描述
ion /ˌelɪˈveɪʃn/ n. 抬高；升高 （an increase in the amount of level of
something） 近义表达：lift
辨析：elevation 比 lift 更正式以及更学术。
stic /ˌɑːptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的（believe in that good things will happen in
the future） be optimistic about sth./ 对……保持乐观
反义表达：pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的
-tide line 涨潮线（the point or time at which the sea reaches its highest level）
tide n. 潮水（the regular rising and falling of the level of the sea）
high/low tide 涨/退潮
n /ˈsɪtəzən/ n. （拥有某国国籍的）公民（a person who has the legal right
to belong to a particular country）
2050 截至2050年，不晚于2050年
te /ˈɪnʌndeɪt/ vt. 淹没（to cover an area with a large amount of water） 近义表达：flood
辨析： inundate 比 flood 更加正式。
The tide/tidal wave inundated vast areas of cropland.
潮水淹没了大片良顷。
拉丁语 unda 波浪
l /ɪmˈperəl/ vt. 使陷于危险，危及（to put something or someone in danger）
近义表达： endanger
辨析： imperil 比 endanger 更正式。
16. .migration UK /maɪˈɡreɪʃən/ US /maɪˈɡreɪʃən/ n. （人口的）迁移；迁徙（the
movement of large numbers of people, birds, or animals from one place to another）
seasonal migration 季节性迁徙
mass migrations 大规模迁徙
r /ˈtrɪɡər/ vt. 激起，触发；引起 （to make something happen very quickly,
especially a series of events） trigger n. 扳机（the part of a gun that you pull with
your finger to fire it）
pull/squeeze the trigger 扣动扳机
trigger off 激起连串反应
The assassination triggered (off) a wave of rioting.
暗杀激起了一波骚乱。
bate /ɪɡˈzæsərbeɪt/ vt. 使加剧；使恶化；激怒 （to make something worse,
especially a disease or problem) 近义表达： worsen
exacerbate the situation 使……情况雪上加霜
The symptoms may be exacerbated by certain drugs.
这些症状可能会因为某些药物而加重。
The new policy could only exacerbate this problem.
新上台的政策只会加剧问题。
/məˈriːn/ adj. 航海的，海生的，海的（connect with the sea）
marine life 海洋生物 a marine biologist 海洋生物学家
/kɔːr/ n. 军团；兵队（两个师以上组成的军）(a large unit of an army
consisting of two or more divisions)
nant general 中将 lieutenant n. （陆军的）中尉；（海/空军的）上尉
lieutenant colonel 中校 general n. 将军；上将
beyond 大大地超越
/draɪv/ vt. 推动，促使，使……更进一步（to influence something or cause
it to make progress） drive investment in the area 推动在该地区的投资
conflict 武装冲突
te /ˌriːɪɡˈnaɪt/ vt. （使）重新燃烧；再点燃 ignite vt. 点燃
ignite a candle 点燃一根蜡烛 ignite warfare 点燃战火
the board of sth. ……的成员（高级）；委员会 board n. 木板；董事会
cy /ˈædvəkəsi/ n. 拥护，支持，倡议（the giving of public support to an
idea, a course of action or a belief） advocate vt. 拥护，提倡
advocate the use of gun 拥护使用枪支
远不止于……
tarian /hjuːˌmænɪˈteriən/ adj. 人道主义的（concerned with improving
bad-living conditions and preventing unfair treatment of people） humanitarian
aid/assistance/relief 人道主义救援
文章翻译：
Rising Seas Will Erase More Cities by 2050, New Research Shows
新研究：到2050年，海平面上升将抹去更多城市
Rising seas could affect three times more people by 2050 than previously thought,
according to new research, threatening to all but erase some of the world’s great
coastal cities.
一项最新研究显示，到2050年，海平面上升影响的人口可能是此前预计的三倍之多，世界上一些大型沿海城市将面临消失殆尽的威胁。
The authors of a paper published Tuesday developed a more accurate way of
calculating land elevation based on satellite readings, and found that the previous
numbers were far too optimistic. The new research shows that some 150 million
people are now living on land that will be below the high-tide line by midcentury.
在周二发表的一篇论文中，研究者们开发了一种更精确的、基于卫星读数的陆地高程计算方法，并发现此前的数据过于乐观。该新研究表明，到本世纪中叶，约1.5亿人现在生活的土地将位于涨潮线以下。
In Thailand, more than 10 percent of citizens now live on land that is likely to be
inundated by 2050, compared with just 1 percent according to the earlier technique.
The political and commercial capital, Bangkok, is particularly imperiled.
在泰国，超过10%的居民现在生活的土地很可能在2050年之前被淹没，而据早期技术估测，该比例仅为1%。作为政治和商业中心的泰国首都曼谷尤其岌岌可危。
In other places, the migration caused by rising seas could trigger or exacerbate
regional conflicts.
在其它地方，海平面上升引起的人口迁徙可能引发或加剧区域冲突。
Basra, the second-largest city in Iraq, could be mostly underwater by 2050. If that
happens, the effects could be felt well beyond Iraq’s borders, according to John
Castellaw, a retired Marine Corps lieutenant general.
到2050年，伊拉克第二大城市巴士拉的绝大部分可能位于水下。退役海军陆战队中将约翰·卡斯特洛表示，如果这种情况真的发生，其影响范围可能会远超伊拉克边界。
Further loss of land to rising waters there “threatens to drive further social and
political instability in the region, which could reignite armed conflict and increase the
likelihood of terrorism,” said General Castellaw, who is now on the advisory board of
the Center for Climate and Security, a research and advocacy group in Washington.
巴士拉由于海平面上升而进一步减少的土地面积，“可能会加剧该地区的社会和政治不稳定，从而引发武装冲突、增加恐怖袭击的可能性。”卡斯特洛中将表示。他目前任职于气候与安全中心顾问委员会，后者是一个位于华盛顿的研究和游说团体。
“So this is far more than an environmental problem,” he said. “It’s a humanitarian,
security and possibly military problem too.”
“所以这远不只是一个环境问题，”他说，“它还涉及到人道主义和安全问题，
以及可能带来的军事问题。”
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