2024年4月23日发(作者：)

SSAT 阅读真题

阅读 (一 )

In the sixteenth century, an age of great marine and terrestrial exploration, Ferdinand Magellan led the

first expedition to sail around the world. As a young Portuguese noble, he served the king of Portugal, but

he became involved in the quagmire of political intrigue at court and lost the king's favor. After he was

dismissed from service to the king of Portugal, he offered to serve the future Emperor Charles V of Spain.

A papal decree of 1493 had assigned all land in the New World west of 50 degrees W longitude to Spain

and all the land east of that line to Portugal. Magellan offered to prove that the East Indies fell under

Spanish authority. On September 20, 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. More than a

year later, one of these ships was exploring the topography of South America in search of a water route

across the continent. This ship sank, but the remaining four ships searched along the southern peninsula

of South America. Finally they found the passage they sought near a latitude of 50 degrees S. Magellan

named this passage the Strait of All Saints, but today we know it as the Strait of Magellan.

One ship deserted while in this passage and returned to Spain, so fewer sailors were privileged to gaze

at that first panorama of the Pacific Ocean. Those who remained crossed the meridian we now call the

International Date Line in the early spring of 1521 after ninety-eight days on the Pacific Ocean. During

those long days at sea, many of Magellan's men died of starvation and disease.

Later Magellan became involved in an insular conflict in the Philippines and was killed in a tribal battle.

Only one ship and seventeen sailors under the command of the Basque navigator Elcano survived to

complete the westward journey to Spain and thus prove once and for all that the world is round, with no

precipice at the edge.

The sixteenth century was an age of great ___exploration.

A. cosmic B. land C. mental D. common man E. none of the above

2. Magellan lost the favor of the king of Portugal when he became involved in a political ___.

A. entanglement B. discussion C. negotiation D. problems E. none of the above

3. The Pope divided New World lands between Spain and Portugal according to their location on one

side or the other of an imaginary geographical line 50 degrees west of Greenwich that extends in a ___

direction.

A. north and south B. crosswise C. easterly D. south east E. north and west

4. One of Magellan's ships explored the ___ of South America for a passage across the continent.

A. coastline B. mountain range C. physical features D. islands E. none of the above

5. Four of the ships sought a passage along a southern ___.

A. coast B. inland C. body of land with water on three sides D. border E. answer not available

6. The passage was found near 50 degrees S of ___.

A. Greenwich B. The equator C. Spain D. Portugal E. Madrid

7. In the spring of 1521, the ships crossed the ___ now called the International Date Line.

A. imaginary circle passing through the poles B. Imaginary line parallel to the equator

C. area D. land mass E. answer not found in article

答案：

1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5.C,6 B 7A

阅读 (二 )

Marie Curie was one of the most accomplished scientists in history. Together with her husband, Pierre,

she discovered radium, an element widely used for treating cancer, and studied uranium and other

radioactive substances. Pierre and Marie's amicable collaboration later helped to unlock the secrets of

the atom.

Marie was born in 1867 in Warsaw, Poland, where her father was a professor of physics. At the early age,

she displayed a brilliant mind and a blithe personality. Her great exuberance for learning prompted her to

continue with her studies after high school. She became disgruntled, however, when she learned that the

university in Warsaw was closed to women. Determined to receive a higher education, she defiantly left

Poland and in 1891 entered the Sorbonne, a French university, where she earned her master's degree

and doctorate in physics.

Marie was fortunate to have studied at the Sorbonne with some of the greatest scientists of her day, one

of whom was Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre were married in 1895 and spent many productive years

working together in the physics laboratory. A short time after they discovered radium, Pierre was killed by

a horse-drawn wagon in 1906. Marie was stunned by this horrible misfortune and endured heartbreaking

anguish. Despondently she recalled their close relationship and the joy that they had shared in scientific

research. The fact that she had two young daughters to raise by herself greatly increased her distress.

Curie's feeling of desolation finally began to fade when she was asked to succeed her husband as a

physics professor at the Sorbonne. She was the first woman to be given a professorship at the

world-famous university. In 1911 she received the Nobel Prize in chemistry for isolating radium. Although

Marie Curie eventually suffered a fatal illness from her long exposure to radium, she never became

disillusioned about her work. Regardless of the consequences, she had dedicated herself to science and

to revealing the mysteries of the physical world.

8． The Curies' ____ collaboration helped to unlock the secrets of the atom.

A. friendly B. competitive C. courteous D. industrious E. chemistry

9. Marie had a bright mind and a __personality.

A. strong B. lighthearted C. humorous D. strange E. envious

10. When she learned that she could not attend the university in Warsaw, she felt___.

A. hopeless B. annoyed C. depressed D. worried E. none of the above

11. Marie ___ by leaving Poland and traveling to France to enter the Sorbonne.

A. challenged authority B. showed intelligence C. behaved D. was distressed E. answer not available in

article

12. _____she remembered their joy together.

A. Dejectedly B. Worried C. Tearfully D. Happily E. Sorrowfully

13. Her ____ began to fade when she returned to the Sorbonne to succeed her husband.

A. misfortune B. anger C. wretchedness D. disappointment E. ambition

14. Even though she became fatally ill from working with radium, Marie Curie was never ____.

A. troubled B. worried C. disappointed D. sorrowful E. disturbed

(二)答案 9. B 10. B 11. A 12. A 13. C 14. C

阅读 (三 ) Questions 15-19.

Mount Vesuvius, a volcano located between the ancient Italian cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, has

received much attention because of its frequent and destructive eruptions. The most famous of these

eruptions occurred in A. D. 79.

The volcano had been inactive for centuries. There was little warning of the coming eruption, although

one account unearthed by archaeologists says that a hard rain and a strong wind had disturbed the

celestial calm during the preceding night. Early the next morning, the volcano poured a huge river of

molten rock down upon Herculaneum, completely burying the city and filling in the harbor with coagulated

lava.

Meanwhile, on the other side of the mountain, cinders, stone and ash rained down on Pompeii. Sparks

from the burning ash ignited the combustible rooftops quickly. Large portions of the city were destroyed in

the conflagration. Fire, however, was not the only cause of destruction. Poisonous sulphuric gases

saturated the air. These heavy gases were not buoyant in the atmosphere and therefore sank toward the

earth and suffocated people.

Over the years, excavations of Pompeii and Herculaneum have revealed a great deal about the behavior

of the volcano. By analyzing data, much as a zoologist dissects a specimen animal, scientist have

concluded that the eruption changed large portions of the area's geography. For instance, it turned the

Sarno River from its course and raised the level of the beach along the Bay of Naples. Meteorologists

studying these events have also concluded that Vesuvius caused a huge tidal wave that affected the

world's climate.

In addition to making these investigations, archaeologists have been able to study the skeletons of

victims by using distilled water to wash away the volcanic ash. By strengthening the brittle bones with

acrylic paint, scientists have been able to examine the skeletons and draw conclusions about the diet and

habits of the residents. Finally, the excavations at both Pompeii and Herculaneum have yielded many

examples of classical art, such as jewelry made of bronze, which is an alloy of copper and tin.

The eruption of Mount Vesuvius and its tragic consequences have provided us with a wealth of data

about the effects that volcanoes can have on the surrounding area. Today volcanologists can locate and

predict eruptions, saving lives and preventing the destruction of cities and cultures.

aneum and its harbor were buried under ___lava.

A. liquid B. solid C. flowing D. gas E. answer not available

16. The poisonous gases were not ___ in the air.

A. able to float B. visible C. able to evaporate D. invisible E. able to condense

17. Scientists analyzed data about Vesuvius in the same way that a zoologist ___ a specimen.

A. describes in detail B. studies by cutting apart C. photographs D. chart E. answer not available

18. ____have concluded that the volcanic eruption caused a tidal wave.

A. Scientist who study oceans B. Scientist who study atmospheric conditions

C. Scientist who study ash D. Scientist who study animal behavior E. Answer not available in article

19. Scientist have used ___water to wash away volcanic ash from the skeletons of victims.

A. bottled B. volcanic C. purified D. sea E. fountain

(三)答案 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C

阅读(四) 20. Questions 20-24.

Conflict had existed between Spain and England since the 1570s. England wanted a share of the wealth

that Spain had been taking from the lands it had claimed in the Americas.

Elizabeth I, Queen of England, encouraged her staunch admiral of the navy, Sir Francis Drake, to raid

Spanish ships and towns. Though these raids were on a small scale, Drake achieved dramatic success,

adding gold and silver to England's treasury and diminishing Spain's omnipotence.

Religious differences also caused conflict between the two countries. Whereas Spain was Roman

Catholic, most of England had become Protestant. King Philip II of Spain wanted to claim the throne and

make England a Catholic country again. To satisfy his ambition and also to retaliate against England's

theft of his gold and silver, King Philip began to build his fleet of warships, the Armada, in January 1586.

Philip intended his fleet to be indestructible. In addition to building new warships, he marshaled one

hundred and thirty sailing vessels of all types and recruited more than nineteen thousand robust soldiers

and eight thousand sailors. Although some of his ships lacked guns and others lacked ammunition, Philip

was convinced that his Armada could withstand any battle with England.

The martial Armada set sail from Lisbon, Portugal, on May 9,1588, but bad weather forced it back to port.

The voyage resumed on July 22 after the weather became more stable.

The Spanish fleet met the smaller, faster, and more maneuverable English ships in battle off the coast of

Plymouth, England, first on July 31 and again on August 2. The two battles left Spain vulnerable, having

lost several ships and with its ammunition depleted. On August 7, while the Armada lay at anchor on the

French side of the Strait of Dover, England sent eight burning ships into the midst of the Spanish fleet to

set it on fire. Blocked on one side, the Spanish ships could only drift away, their crews in panic and

disorder. Before the Armada could regroup, the English attacked again on August 8.

Although the Spaniards made a valiant effort to fight back, the fleet suffered extensive damage. During

the eight hours of battle, the Armada drifted perilously close to the rocky coastline. At the moment when it

seemed that the Spanish ships would be driven onto the English shore, the wind shifted, and the Armada

drifted out into the North Sea. The Spaniards recognized the superiority of the English fleet and returned

home, defeated.

Francis Drake added wealth to the treasury and diminished Spain's ____.

A. unlimited power B. unrestricted growth C. territory D. treaties E. answer not available in article

21. Philip recruited many ___soldiers and sailors.

A. warlike B. strong C. accomplished D. timid E. non experienced

22. The ____ Armada set sail on May 9, 1588.

A. complete B. warlike C. independent D. isolated E. answer not available

23. The two battles left the Spanish fleet ____.

A. open to change B. triumphant C. open to attack D. defeated E. discouraged

24. The Armada was ___ on one side.

A. closed off B. damaged C. alone D. circled E. answer not available in this article

(四 )答案 20. A 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A